Oracle學(xué)習(xí)之RMAN（十五）恢復(fù)實(shí)戰(zhàn)--TSPITR-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)

TSPITR是英文Tablespace Point In Time Recovery的縮寫。也就是表空間定點(diǎn)時(shí)間恢復(fù)。TSPITR是一種相對(duì)細(xì)粒度的不完全恢復(fù)技術(shù)。我們通常見到的還原操作，都是將所有的表空間和數(shù)據(jù)還原到相同的一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上。而TSPITR則是以表空間為粒度單元，單獨(dú)將某個(gè)表空間內(nèi)容還原到一個(gè)特定可恢復(fù)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上。舉一個(gè)例子：一個(gè)Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)運(yùn)行在歸檔模式下，在夜間零時(shí)保留一份完全備份。早上七點(diǎn)時(shí)候，某個(gè)特定表空間上數(shù)據(jù)表（單個(gè)表獨(dú)占表空間）發(fā)生一個(gè)誤操作，數(shù)據(jù)損壞。要求在不傷害其他數(shù)據(jù)表數(shù)據(jù)的情況下，將表空間數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)到早上六點(diǎn)。這樣部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)的場(chǎng)景，就是TSPITR的典型應(yīng)用。

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1. 建立一個(gè)表空間

SQL> create tablespace tspitr datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf' size 20M; Tablespace created.

2. 在這個(gè)表空間上創(chuàng)建一個(gè)表，并插入數(shù)據(jù)

SQL> conn scott/tiger Connected. SQL> create table t_tspitr_test tablespace tspitr as select * from emp; Table created. SQL> select count(*) from t_tspitr_test; COUNT(*) ---------- 14

3. 對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)做一個(gè)備份

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete all input; Starting backup at 2015/07/09 14:40:29 current log archived using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=3 RECID=1 STAMP=884613136 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:30 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:31 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144030_bsw5ty9m_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144030 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/archivelog/2015_07_09/o1_mf_1_3_bsw30j7b_.arc RECID=1 STAMP=884613136 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RECID=2 STAMP=884616029 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:31 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:32 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144030_bsw5tzsf_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144030 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/archivelog/2015_07_09/o1_mf_1_1_bsw5txwl_.arc RECID=2 STAMP=884616029 Finished backup at 2015/07/09 14:40:32 Starting backup at 2015/07/09 14:40:32 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/system01.dbf input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/sysaux01.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/example01.dbf input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/undotbs01.dbf input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:33 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:18 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5v1cb_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144032 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:45 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set including current SPFILE in backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:19 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:20 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5ycl2_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144032 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 2015/07/09 14:42:20 Starting backup at 2015/07/09 14:42:20 current log archived using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=2 RECID=3 STAMP=884616140 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:20 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:21 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144220_bsw5ydxj_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144220 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/archivelog/2015_07_09/o1_mf_1_2_bsw5ydp6_.arc RECID=3 STAMP=884616140 Finished backup at 2015/07/09 14:42:21

4. 我們做如下操作

SQL> select sequence#, status,sysdate from v$log; SEQUENCE# STATUS SYSDATE ---------- ---------- ------------------- 1 INACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:56:10 2 INACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:56:10 3 CURRENT 2015/07/09 14:56:10 SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> select sequence#, status,sysdate from v$log; SEQUENCE# STATUS SYSDATE ---------- ---------- ------------------- 4 CURRENT 2015/07/09 14:57:20 2 INACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:57:20 3 ACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:57:20 SQL> insert into scott.t_tspitr_test select * from scott.t_tspitr_test; 14 rows created. SQL> select count(*) from scott.t_tspitr_test; COUNT(*) ---------- 28 SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> select sequence#, status,sysdate from v$log; SEQUENCE# STATUS SYSDATE ---------- ---------- ------------------- 4 ACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:59:11 5 CURRENT 2015/07/09 14:59:11 3 INACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:59:11 SQL>

當(dāng)恢復(fù)到日志編號(hào)為3時(shí)表中應(yīng)該有14條數(shù)據(jù)。

4. 建立輔助恢復(fù)目錄

11gdg-> mkdir /backup/aux

6.執(zhí)行恢復(fù)

RMAN> RECOVER TABLESPACE 'TSPITR' UNTIL LOGSEQ 3 AUXILIARY DESTINATION '/backup/aux'; Starting recover at 2015/07/09 15:16:06 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=47 device type=DISK RMAN-05026: WARNING: presuming following set of tablespaces applies to specified point-in-time List of tablespaces expected to have UNDO segments Tablespace SYSTEM Tablespace UNDOTBS1 Creating automatic instance, with SID='nkvk' initialization parameters used for automatic instance: db_name=DEVDB db_unique_name=nkvk_tspitr_DEVDB compatible=11.2.0.0.0 db_block_size=8192 db_files=200 sga_target=280M processes=50 db_create_file_dest=/backup/aux log_archive_dest_1='location=/backup/aux' #No auxiliary parameter file used starting up automatic instance DEVDB Oracle instance started Total System Global Area 292278272 bytes Fixed Size 2227744 bytes Variable Size 100663776 bytes Database Buffers 184549376 bytes Redo Buffers 4837376 bytes Automatic instance created Running TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK on recovery set tablespaces TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK completed successfully contents of Memory Script: { # set requested point in time set until logseq 3 thread 1; # restore the controlfile restore clone controlfile; # mount the controlfile sql clone 'alter database mount clone database'; # archive current online log sql 'alter system archive log current'; # avoid unnecessary autobackups for structural changes during TSPITR sql 'begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end;'; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause Starting restore at 2015/07/09 15:16:22 allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5ycl2_.bkp channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5ycl2_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144032 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 output file name=/backup/aux/DEVDB/controlfile/o1_mf_bsw7y759_.ctl Finished restore at 2015/07/09 15:16:24 sql statement: alter database mount clone database sql statement: alter system archive log current sql statement: begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end; contents of Memory Script: { # set requested point in time set until logseq 3 thread 1; plsql <<<-- tspitr_2 declare sqlstatement varchar2(512); offline_not_needed exception; pragma exception_init(offline_not_needed, -01539); begin sqlstatement := 'alter tablespace '|| '"TSPITR"' ||' offline immediate'; krmicd.writeMsg(6162, sqlstatement); krmicd.execSql(sqlstatement); exception when offline_not_needed then null; end; >>>; # set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles set newname for clone datafile 1 to new; set newname for clone datafile 3 to new; set newname for clone datafile 2 to new; set newname for clone tempfile 1 to new; set newname for datafile 6 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf"; # switch all tempfiles switch clone tempfile all; # restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set restore clone datafile 1, 3, 2, 6; switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause sql statement: alter tablespace "TSPITR" offline immediate executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME renamed tempfile 1 to /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_temp_%u_.tmp in control file Starting restore at 2015/07/09 15:16:29 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_%u_.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_%u_.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_%u_.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5v1cb_.bkp channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5v1cb_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144032 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05 Finished restore at 2015/07/09 15:17:34 datafile 1 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=884618255 file name=/backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_bsw7yg0d_.dbf datafile 3 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=884618255 file name=/backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bsw7yg16_.dbf datafile 2 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=884618255 file name=/backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_bsw7yg0j_.dbf contents of Memory Script: { # set requested point in time set until logseq 3 thread 1; # online the datafiles restored or switched sql clone "alter database datafile 1 online"; sql clone "alter database datafile 3 online"; sql clone "alter database datafile 2 online"; sql clone "alter database datafile 6 online"; # recover and open resetlogs recover clone database tablespace "TSPITR", "SYSTEM", "UNDOTBS1", "SYSAUX" delete archivelog; alter clone database open resetlogs; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online sql statement: alter database datafile 3 online sql statement: alter database datafile 2 online sql statement: alter database datafile 6 online Starting recover at 2015/07/09 15:17:35 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 starting media recovery channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=2 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144220_bsw5ydxj_.bkp channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144220_bsw5ydxj_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144220 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 archived log file name=/backup/aux/1_2_884613136.dbf thread=1 sequence=2 channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/backup/aux/1_2_884613136.dbf RECID=3 STAMP=884618256 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished recover at 2015/07/09 15:17:38 database opened contents of Memory Script: { # make read only the tablespace that will be exported sql clone 'alter tablespace "TSPITR" read only'; # create directory for datapump import sql "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as '' /backup/aux''"; # create directory for datapump export sql clone "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as '' /backup/aux''"; } executing Memory Script sql statement: alter tablespace "TSPITR" read only sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''/backup/aux'' sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''/backup/aux'' Performing export of metadata... EXPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_nkvk": EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK EXPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_nkvk" successfully loaded/unloaded EXPDP> ****************************************************************************** EXPDP> Dump file set for SYS.TSPITR_EXP_nkvk is: EXPDP> /backup/aux/tspitr_nkvk_59637.dmp EXPDP> ****************************************************************************** EXPDP> Datafiles required for transportable tablespace TSPITR: EXPDP> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf EXPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_nkvk" successfully completed at 15:19:40 Export completed contents of Memory Script: { # shutdown clone before import shutdown clone immediate # drop target tablespaces before importing them back sql 'drop tablespace "TSPITR" including contents keep datafiles'; } executing Memory Script database closed database dismounted Oracle instance shut down sql statement: drop tablespace "TSPITR" including contents keep datafiles Removing automatic instance shutting down automatic instance target database instance not started Automatic instance removed auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_temp_bsw80r22_.tmp deleted auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_bsw80n92_.log deleted auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_bsw80m9y_.log deleted auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_bsw80lhs_.log deleted auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_bsw7yg0j_.dbf deleted auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bsw7yg16_.dbf deleted auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_bsw7yg0d_.dbf deleted auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/controlfile/o1_mf_bsw7y759_.ctl deleted RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 07/09/2015 15:20:10 RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script RMAN-03009: failure of sql command on default channel at 07/09/2015 15:20:10 RMAN-11003: failure during parse/execution of SQL statement: drop tablespace "TSPITR" including contents keep datafiles ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-00054: resource busy and acquire with NOWAIT specified or timeout expired RMAN>

報(bào)錯(cuò)了~

后面經(jīng)過試驗(yàn)，"RECOVER TABLESPACE 'TSPITR' UNTIL LOGSEQ 3 " 的UNTIL LOGSEQ 3并不包括日志3 。應(yīng)該將恢復(fù)語(yǔ)句改成

RECOVER TABLESPACE 'TSPITR' UNTIL LOGSEQ 4 AUXILIARY DESTINATION '/backup/aux';

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