nagios的安裝配置方法
這篇文章主要講解了“nagios的安裝配置方法”，文中的講解內(nèi)容簡單清晰，易于學(xué)習(xí)與理解，下面請大家跟著小編的思路慢慢深入，一起來研究和學(xué)習(xí)“nagios的安裝配置方法”吧！
在開封等地區(qū)，都構(gòu)建了全面的區(qū)域性戰(zhàn)略布局，加強發(fā)展的系統(tǒng)性、市場前瞻性、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新能力，以專注、極致的服務(wù)理念，為客戶提供成都網(wǎng)站建設(shè)、成都做網(wǎng)站 網(wǎng)站設(shè)計制作按需定制設(shè)計,公司網(wǎng)站建設(shè),企業(yè)網(wǎng)站建設(shè),高端網(wǎng)站設(shè)計,營銷型網(wǎng)站,外貿(mào)網(wǎng)站制作,開封網(wǎng)站建設(shè)費用合理。
簡單介紹下nagios
開源網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)控
監(jiān)控的分類：
狀態(tài)的連續(xù)監(jiān)控：對實時狀態(tài)進行監(jiān)控。
狀態(tài)的變化監(jiān)控：但某一時刻監(jiān)控的狀態(tài)發(fā)生變化時，就進行匯報。
nagios是一款遵循GPLV2的開源網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)控軟件，可用來監(jiān)控制定的多種系統(tǒng)的主機、服務(wù)，并在它們的工作狀態(tài)發(fā)生變化時通知管理員。
1）監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)（HTTP/POP3/SMTP/PING/MySQL等）
2）監(jiān)控主機資源（磁盤利用率、內(nèi)存利用率、CPU負載等）
3）簡潔的插件設(shè)計接口，使得用戶可以輕松開發(fā)所需的檢測腳本(運維則可直接找到相關(guān)腳本并使用）
4）并行服務(wù)模式
5）輕松描述網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)，并且能夠區(qū)辨“宕機”和“主機不可達”
6）通過郵件或用戶自定義的方式將主機或服務(wù)的工作狀態(tài)變化情況通知給管理員
7）當(dāng)服務(wù)或主機問題產(chǎn)生與解決時將告警發(fā)送給聯(lián)系人(通過EMail/短信、用戶定義方式）
8）自動日志滾動
9）可以通過web方式直觀的查看當(dāng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò)狀態(tài)、通知和問題歷史、日志文件等，此組件為可選
undefined
Nagios通常由一個主程序（Nagios）、一個插件程序（Nagios-plugins）和四個可選的ADDON（NRPE/NSCA/NSCLIENT++和NDOUTILS)組成。
NRPE：用來在監(jiān)控的的遠程LINUX/UNIX主機上執(zhí)行腳本插件以實現(xiàn)對這些主機資源的監(jiān)控；
試驗中用到的版本是NRPE-2.1.2.tar.gz
NSCA：用來讓被監(jiān)控的遠程Linux/Unix主機主動將監(jiān)控信息發(fā)送給Nagios服務(wù)器（這在冗余監(jiān)控模式中，特別要用到）
NSCLIENT++：用來監(jiān)控Windows主機時安裝在Windows主機上的組件；
NDOUTILS：則用來將NAGIOS的配置信息和各EVETN產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)存入數(shù)據(jù)庫，以實現(xiàn)對這些數(shù)據(jù)的快速檢索和處理；
NAGIOS是通過配置文件來驅(qū)動這個監(jiān)控流程，因為所有的內(nèi)容都是可配置的，所以也就非常靈活，功能自然也就槍彈，把太多的工作留給使用者。
1、新添加監(jiān)控主機
要修改localhost.cfg或windows.cfg配置文件
這里的默認(rèn)路徑為/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg或者/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg
2、調(diào)整監(jiān)控的命令
要修改commands.cfg配置文件
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
3、要更改聯(lián)系人的信息
要修改contacts.cfg配置文件
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
4、要調(diào)整監(jiān)控時間
要修改timeperiods.cfg配置文件
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
5、添加具體的監(jiān)控服務(wù)
要修改services.cfg配置文件，這里信息都是來自其他配置文件的
6、存放相關(guān)的命令執(zhí)行腳本
/usr/local/nagios/libexecls
7、/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg 定義相關(guān)命令
yum 源安裝配置
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-Media.repo
[xscl]
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
:wq
安裝nagios必須的基本組件的運行依賴于httpd、gcc和gd.
yum clean all
準(zhǔn)備工作：
yum -y install httpd* php
yum -y install gcc glibc glibc-common
yum -y install gd gd-devel
groupadd nagcmd
useradd -m nagios
usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios
# usermod -a -G nagcmd apache
#j將apache用戶加入nagcmd組使之工作時具有足夠的權(quán)限
下載所需要的安裝組件：
服務(wù)器端所用的安裝包：nagios nagios-plugins ndoutils(非必須）
linux客戶端：nrpe
windows客戶端：NSCLIENT
創(chuàng)建用戶：
chkconfig httpd on
useradd nagios
cd /root
上傳軟件包我這里下載的nagios-3.3.1.tar.gz
tar-xzvf nagios-3.3.1.tar.gz
cd nagios
#./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd
make install
報錯解決方法如下：
今天安裝nagios3.3.1，不是第一次安裝了，之前都很順利，這次安裝的時候，在執(zhí)行命令make install的時候，報錯了。大致如下
[root@magedunagios]#makeinstall
cd./base&&makeinstall
make[1]:Enteringdirectory`/root/nagios/base'
makeinstall-basic
make[2]:Enteringdirectory`/root/nagios/base'
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/bin
/usr/bin/install-c-m774-onagios-gnagiosnagios/var/www/html/nagios/bin
/usr/bin/install-c-m774-onagios-gnagiosnagiostats/var/www/html/nagios/bin
make[2]:Leavingdirectory`/root/nagios/base'
makestrip-post-install
make[2]:Enteringdirectory`/root/nagios/base'
/usr/bin/strip/var/www/html/nagios/bin/nagios
/usr/bin/strip/var/www/html/nagios/bin/nagiostats
make[2]:Leavingdirectory`/root/nagios/base'
make[1]:Leavingdirectory`/root/nagios/base'
cd./cgi&&makeinstall
make[1]:Enteringdirectory`/root/nagios/cgi'
makeinstall-basic
make[2]:Enteringdirectory`/root/nagios/cgi'
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/sbin
forfilein*.cgi;do\
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/sbin;\
done
make[2]:Leavingdirectory`/root/nagios/cgi'
makestrip-post-install
make[2]:Enteringdirectory`/root/nagios/cgi'
forfilein*.cgi;do\
/usr/bin/strip/var/www/html/nagios/sbin/$file;\
done
make[2]:Leavingdirectory`/root/nagios/cgi'
make[1]:Leavingdirectory`/root/nagios/cgi'
cd./html&&makeinstall
make[1]:Enteringdirectory`/root/nagios/html'
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/media
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/stylesheets
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/contexthelp
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/docs
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/docs/p_w_picpaths
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/p_w_picpaths
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/p_w_picpaths/logos
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/includes
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/includes/rss
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/includes/rss/extlib
/usr/bin/install-c-m775-onagios-gnagios-d/var/www/html/nagios/share/ssi
/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagiosrobots.txt/var/www/html/nagios/share
rm-f/var/www/html/nagios/share/index.html
rm-f/var/www/html/nagios/share/main.html
rm-f/var/www/html/nagios/share/side.html
forfilein*.php;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share;done
forfileinstylesheets/*.css;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share/stylesheets;done
forfileincontexthelp/*.html;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share/contexthelp;done
forfileinp_w_picpaths/*.gif;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share/p_w_picpaths;done
forfileinp_w_picpaths/*.jpg;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share/p_w_picpaths;done
forfileinp_w_picpaths/*.png;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share/p_w_picpaths;done
forfileinp_w_picpaths/*.ico;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share/p_w_picpaths;done
forfileinp_w_picpaths/logos/*.*;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share/p_w_picpaths/logos;done
forfileinincludes/*.*;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share/includes;done
forfileinincludes/rss/*;\
do/usr/bin/install-c-m664-onagios-gnagios$file/var/www/html/nagios/share/includes/rss;done
/usr/bin/install:omittingdirectory`includes/rss/extlib'
/usr/bin/install:omittingdirectory`includes/rss/htdocs'
/usr/bin/install:omittingdirectory`includes/rss/scripts'
make[1]:***[install]Error1
make[1]:Leavingdirectory`/root/nagios/html'
make:***[install]Error2
很糾結(jié)啊，google了一下，有解決方案，好像是makefile里有語法錯誤，具體怎么導(dǎo)致的不清楚，執(zhí)行完以下命令，就OK了
# sed-i's:forfileinincludes/rss/\*;:forfileinincludes/rss/\*.\*;:g'./html/Makefile
# sed-i's:forfileinincludes/rss/extlib/\*;:forfileinincludes/rss/extlib/\*.\*;:g'./html/Makefile
然后，執(zhí)行以下命令，來完成安裝
預(yù)配置Nagios主程序的環(huán)境以及指定安裝路徑
[root@nagios-3.3.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
預(yù)配置成功后將返回配置環(huán)境信息
----------------------------------------------------
*** Configuration summary for nagios 2.9 04-10-2007 ***:
General Options:
-------------------------
Nagios executable: nagios
Nagios user/group: nagios,nagios
Command user/group: nagios,nagios
Embedded Perl: no
Event Broker: yes
Install ${prefix}: /usr/local/nagios
Lock file: ${prefix}/var/nagios.lock
Init directory: /etc/rc.d/init.d
Host OS: linux-gnu
Web Interface Options:
------------------------
HTML URL: http://localhost/nagios/
CGI URL: http://localhost/nagios/cgi-bin/
Traceroute (used by WAP): /bin/traceroute
Review the options above for accuracy. If they look okay,
type 'make all' to compile the main program and CGIs.
請注意看最后的提示，如果對以上反饋信息接受的話，則需要繼續(xù)執(zhí)行“make all”命令來編譯主程序以及CGI。
.編譯Nagios主程序
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-2.9]# make all
Nagios主程序編譯成功后將返回信息
-----------------------------------------------------
*** Compile finished ***
If the main program and CGIs compiled without any errors, you
can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'
without any arguments for a list of all possible options):
如果在編譯當(dāng)中沒有發(fā)生錯誤的話，那么可以照以下這些命令繼續(xù)操作。
make install
- This installs the main program, CGIs, and HTML files
執(zhí)行“make install”命令來對主程序，CGI以及HTML網(wǎng)頁進行安裝。
make install-init
- This installs the init script in /etc/rc.d/init.d
執(zhí)行“install-init”命令來在/etc/rc.d/init.d/目錄中安裝啟動腳本。
make install-commandmode
- This installs and configures permissions on the
directory for holding the external command file
執(zhí)行“install-commandmode”命令來安裝和配置外部命令對Nagios主路徑操作的權(quán)限。（這里所謂的外部命令主要是指Apache服務(wù)通過CGI來對Nagios的進行的操作。用戶將通過Web以執(zhí)行CGI程序腳本的方式來對Nagios的檢測結(jié)果進行讀取和調(diào)用。）
make install-config
- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etc
You'll have to modify these sample files before you can
use Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more info
on doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs on
object configuration files, as they determine what/how
things get monitored!
執(zhí)行“make install-config”命令將會在/usr/local/etc/這個Nagios編譯安裝的主配置路徑下安裝示例配置模板，這將對于之后的配置制定幫助很大。
*** Support Notes *******************************************
這些關(guān)于支持的信息就不再詳細講了
If you have questions about configuring or running Nagios,
please make sure that you:
- Look at the sample config files
- Read the HTML documentation
- Read the FAQs online at http://www.nagios.org/faqs
before you post a question to one of the mailing lists.
Also make sure to include pertinent information that could
help others help you. This might include:
- What version of Nagios you are using
- What version of the plugins you are using
- Relevant snippets from your config files
- Relevant error messages from the Nagios log file
For more information on obtaining support for Nagios, visit:
http://www.nagios.org/support/
*************************************************************
Enjoy.
-----------------------------------------------------
5.安裝Nagios主程序、CGI以及網(wǎng)頁
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-2.9]# make install
安裝完Nagios主程序、CGI和網(wǎng)頁的之后將提示安裝成功信息以及剩余可操作的步驟
-----------------------------------------------------
*** Main program, CGIs and HTML files installed ***
You can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'
without any arguments for a list of all possible options):
make install-init
- This installs the init script in /etc/rc.d/init.d
make install-commandmode
- This installs and configures permissions on the
directory for holding the external command file
make install-config
- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etc
You'll have to modify these sample files before you can
use Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more info
on doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs on
object configuration files, as they determine what/how
things get monitored!
-----------------------------------------------------
6.安裝Nagios的系統(tǒng)啟動腳本
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-2.9]# make install-init
安裝完Nagios的系統(tǒng)啟動腳本之后將提示腳本安裝成功信息以及剩余可操作的步驟
-----------------------------------------------------
*** Init script installed ***
You can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'
without any arguments for a list of all possible options):
make install-commandmode
- This installs and configures permissions on the
directory for holding the external command file
make install-config
- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etc
You'll have to modify these sample files before you can
use Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more info
on doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs on
object configuration files, as they determine what/how
things get monitored!
-----------------------------------------------------
7.將Nagios的啟動腳本添加到系統(tǒng)服務(wù)當(dāng)中去
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# chkconfig --add nagios
8.將Nagios服務(wù)加入到系統(tǒng)啟動服務(wù)當(dāng)中去
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# chkconfig nagios on
9.安裝和配置外部命令對Nagios主路徑的操作權(quán)限
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-2.9]# make install-commandmode
安裝配置外操作權(quán)限后將提示配置成功信息以及剩余可操作步驟
-----------------------------------------------------
*** External command directory configured ***
You can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'
without any arguments for a list of all possible options):
make install-config
- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etc
You'll have to modify these sample files before you can
use Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more info
on doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs on
object configuration files, as they determine what/how
things get monitored!
-----------------------------------------------------
10.將Apache服務(wù)宿主用戶加到nagios組里面
這樣做是為了讓Apache有適當(dāng)?shù)臋?quán)限能夠通過CGI腳本程序?qū)agios進行調(diào)用，否則Apache將沒有權(quán)限調(diào)用Nagios，用戶通過Web將無法訪問Nagios處理的所有信息。
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-2.9]# usermod -G n apache
11.安裝Nagios的配置模板
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-2.9]# make install-config
安裝完畢Nagios的配置模板后將反饋安裝成功的提示信息。
-----------------------------------------------------
*** Sample config file installed ***
Remember, these are *SAMPLE* config files. You'll need to read
the documentation for more information on how to actually define
services, hosts, etc. to fit your particular needs.
If you have questions about configuring Nagios properly, please:
- Look at the sample config files
- Read the HTML documentation
- Read the FAQs online at http://www.nagios.org/faqs
*BEFORE* you post a question to one of the mailing lists.
-----------------------------------------------------
為email指定您想用來接收nagios警告信息的郵件地址，默認(rèn)是本機的nagios用戶:
# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
email nagios@localhost #這個是默認(rèn)設(shè)置
# make install-webconf
#在/etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf生成web相關(guān)配置文件，用于定義nagios使用的CGI選項，web的身份認(rèn)證等
[root@station71 nagios]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user nagios
#為nagios的web頁面創(chuàng)建賬號密碼，對訪問進行身份認(rèn)證
service httpd restart
chkconfig httpd on
啟動httpd，并設(shè)置開機啟動
進入Nagios-plugins插件包目錄
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.10
3.預(yù)配置Nagios-plugin插件程序的環(huán)境以及指定安裝路徑
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --with-mysql
[root@ nagios-plugins-1.4.10]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --with-mysql預(yù)配置完成的話將會建立Makefile并反饋檢測系統(tǒng)環(huán)境的結(jié)果。
-----------------------------------------------------
config.status: creating po/Makefile
--with-apt-get-command:
--with-ping6-command: /bin/ping6 -n -U -w %d -c %d %s
--with-ping-command: /bin/ping -n -U -w %d -c %d %s
--with-ipv6: yes
--with-mysql: no
--with-openssl: yes
--with-gnutls: no
--with-perl: /usr/bin/perl
--enable-perl-modules: no
--with-cgiurl: /nagios/cgi-bin
--with-trusted-path: /bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin
-----------------------------------------------------
4.編譯Nagios-plugin插件程序
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-plugins-1.4.10]# make
5.安裝Nagios-plugin插件程序
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-plugins-1.4.10]# make install
6.查看安裝情況
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-plugins-1.4.10]# ll /usr/local/nagios/
-----------------------------------------------------
total 28
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 13:25 bin
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 19:03 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 5 19:07 libexec
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 13:25 sbin
drwxrwxr-x 9 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 19:07 share
drwxrwxr-x 4 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 19:08 var
-----------------------------------------------------
只要Nagios主路徑下出現(xiàn)libexec目錄就說明安裝成功了，這個目錄里面存放著就是Nagios插件執(zhí)行程序。但是有個問題，就是剛安裝好會有一些目錄和文件的屬主是root。這里的libexec就有這個問題。
4.編譯Nagios-plugin插件程序
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-plugins-1.4.10]# make
5.安裝Nagios-plugin插件程序
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-plugins-1.4.10]# make install
6.查看安裝情況
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-plugins-1.4.10]# ll /usr/local/nagios/
-----------------------------------------------------
total 28
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 13:25 bin
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 19:03 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 5 19:07 libexec
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 13:25 sbin
drwxrwxr-x 9 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 19:07 share
drwxrwxr-x 4 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 5 19:08 var
7/ cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec
ll
[root@localhost libexec]# ll
total 6436
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 376516 Jun 4 19:06 check_apt
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2254 Jun 4 19:06 check_breeze
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 128392 Jun 4 19:06 check_by_ssh
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_clamd -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 85678 Jun 4 19:06 check_cluster
-r-sr-xr-x. 1 root root 123723 Jun 4 19:06 check_dhcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 121722 Jun 4 19:06 check_dig
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 417871 Jun 4 19:06 check_disk
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 9148 Jun 4 19:06 check_disk_smb
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 129579 Jun 4 19:06 check_DNS
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 80681 Jun 4 19:06 check_dummy
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3056 Jun 4 19:06 check_file_age
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6318 Jun 4 19:06 check_flexlm
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_ftp -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 123705 Jun 4 19:06 check_hpjd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 519173 Jun 4 19:06 check_http
-r-sr-xr-x. 1 root root 133809 Jun 4 19:06 check_icmp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 93400 Jun 4 19:06 check_ide_smart
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 15137 Jun 4 19:06 check_ifoperstatus
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12601 Jun 4 19:06 check_ifstatus
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_imap -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6890 Jun 4 19:06 check_ircd
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_jabber -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 106623 Jun 4 19:06 check_ldap
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Jun 4 19:06 check_ldaps -> check_ldap
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 106565 Jun 4 19:06 check_load
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6020 Jun 4 19:06 check_log
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 20287 Jun 4 19:06 check_mailq
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 93126 Jun 4 19:06 check_mrtg
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 92471 Jun 4 19:06 check_mrtgtraf
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 129508 Jun 4 19:06 check_mysql
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 122490 Jun 4 19:06 check_mysql_query
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 105598 Jun 4 19:06 check_nagios
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_nntp -> check_tcp
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_nntps -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 127807 Jun 4 19:06 check_nt
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 130198 Jun 4 19:06 check_ntp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 119287 Jun 4 19:06 check_ntp_peer
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 117856 Jun 4 19:06 check_ntp_time
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 159492 Jun 4 19:06 check_nwstat
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8324 Jun 4 19:06 check_oracle
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 109022 Jun 4 19:06 check_overcr
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 105553 Jun 4 19:06 check_pgsql
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 132787 Jun 4 19:06 check_ping
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_pop -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 396825 Jun 4 19:06 check_procs
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 106620 Jun 4 19:06 check_real
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 9584 Jun 4 19:06 check_rpc
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1412 Jun 4 19:06 check_sensors
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_simap -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 445174 Jun 4 19:06 check_smtp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 447023 Jun 4 19:06 check_snmp
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_spop -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 103128 Jun 4 19:06 check_ssh
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_ssmtp -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 108201 Jun 4 19:06 check_swap
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 158985 Jun 4 19:06 check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 105150 Jun 4 19:06 check_time
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jun 4 19:06 check_udp -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 117678 Jun 4 19:06 check_ups
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 83418 Jun 4 19:06 check_users
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2939 Jun 4 19:06 check_wave
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 109707 Jun 4 19:06 negate
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 103234 Jun 4 19:06 urlize
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1939 Jun 4 19:06 utils.pm
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2728 Jun 4 19:06 utils.sh
8、
7.遞歸更改Nagios主路徑的屬主
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-plugins-1.4.10]# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/
8.遞歸增加Nagios主路徑同組用戶讀寫屬性
[root@KCentOS5C nagios-plugins-1.4.10]# chmod -R g+wr /usr/local/nagios/
四.配置Apache服務(wù)：
1.備份Apache服務(wù)的主配置文件
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf.backup
2.配置Apache服務(wù)的主配置文件
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
這里主要改動以下這些參數(shù)：
-----------------------------------------------------
ServerName *:80
配置Apache的服務(wù)器名，如果有域名的話請?zhí)顚懻_的服務(wù)器名。
Include conf.d/*.conf
確認(rèn)Apache擴展配置文件的存放路徑。
-----------------------------------------------------
3.察看Nagios網(wǎng)頁配置模板文件
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# less nagios-2.9/sample-config/httpd.conf
-----------------------------------------------------
# SAMPLE CONFIG SNIPPETS FOR APACHE WEB SERVER
# Last Modified: 11-26-2005
#
# This file contains examples of entries that need
# to be incorporated into your Apache web server
# configuration file. Customize the paths, etc. as
# needed to fit your system.
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"
設(shè)定了Nagios的CGI執(zhí)行目錄對應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)路徑。
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">
# SSLRequireSSL
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
這里指定了訪問用戶帳戶庫文件。
Require valid-user
</Directory>
Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"
設(shè)定了Nagios的網(wǎng)頁URL對應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)路徑。
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">
# SSLRequireSSL
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
這里指定了訪問用戶帳戶庫文件
Require valid-user
</Directory>
-----------------------------------------------------
基本上這個文件可以直接使用。根據(jù)這個配置文件中指定的AuthUserFile項，它指定的是通過Apache訪問Nagios的合法用戶的帳戶名單庫文件，需要使用htpasswd命令對這個名單庫進行用戶的添加。而默認(rèn)安裝環(huán)境下在/usr/local/nagios/etc/目錄下是沒有htpasswd.user這個文件的，所以需要手動添加。請?zhí)貏e注意，用root身份建立的htpasswd.user文件的權(quán)限問題，應(yīng)該在建立該文件完畢后立即更改為nagios用戶nagios組的所有權(quán)，并且要增加Nagios同組用戶讀寫權(quán)限。
4.整合Nagios網(wǎng)頁配置文件到Apache中
將Nagios網(wǎng)頁配置文件作為Apache的擴展配置文件復(fù)制改名到Apache的擴展配置文件目錄/etc/httpd/conf.d/目錄下
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cp nagios-2.9/sample-config/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios-httpd.conf
5.建立Nagios的網(wǎng)頁訪問用戶帳戶文件（這里必須要與Nagios網(wǎng)頁配置文件當(dāng)中AuthUserFile指定的路徑文件名一致）
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# touch /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user
6.更改Nagios網(wǎng)頁訪問用戶帳戶文件的屬主
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
7.對Nagios網(wǎng)頁訪問用戶帳戶文件增加同組成員讀寫權(quán)限（這主要是賦給apache這個系統(tǒng)用戶）
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# chmod g+wr /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
8.察看Nagios網(wǎng)頁訪問用戶帳戶文件的屬性信息
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# ll /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 0 Oct 5 14:05 /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
9.添加htpasswd.user用戶
我添加了一個kanecruise用戶，口令是123456。
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# htpasswd -m /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user kanecruise
------------------------------------------------------------
New password: 123456
Re-type new password: 123456
Adding password for user kanecruise
------------------------------------------------------------
10.察看htpasswd的使用方法，這里我就解釋一些比較重要和常用的。
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# htpasswd
-------------------------------------------------------------
Usage:
htpasswd [-cmdpsD] passwordfile username
htpasswd -b[cmdpsD] passwordfile username password
htpasswd -n[mdps] username
htpasswd -nb[mdps] username password
-c Create a new file.
建立新的帳戶庫文件。
-n Don't update file; display results on stdout.
-m Force MD5 encryption of the password.
添加一個MD5口令加密的新用戶。
-d Force CRYPT encryption of the password (default).
-p Do not encrypt the password (plaintext).
添加一個口令不加密的新用戶。
-s Force SHA encryption of the password.
添加一個SHA口令加密的新用戶。
-b Use the password from the command line rather than prompting for it.
-D Delete the specified user.
刪除一個指定的用戶
On Windows, NetWare and TPF systems the '-m' flag is used by default.
在Windows、NetWare以及TPF這些操作系統(tǒng)中“-m”參數(shù)（啟用MD5對口令加密）是默認(rèn)使用的
On all other systems, the '-p' flag will probably not work.
在其他的所有操作系統(tǒng)中“-p”（不對口令啟用加密）參數(shù)將可能會引起失敗。
-------------------------------------------------------------
11.檢查htpasswd帳戶文件
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
-------------------------------------------------------------
kanecruise:$apr1$Qwk9h/..$HaRakpabADGZL10dwPcrx1
-------------------------------------------------------------
用戶添加正確，并且口令都以MD5的方式加密了。
五.Nagios的配置文件：
默認(rèn)下Nagios編譯安裝后都沒有現(xiàn)成的配置文件，它們都以模板配置文件的方式在/usr/local/nagios/etc/這個主配置路徑下，需要手動復(fù)制并配置成可用的配置文件。
1.處理Nagios的主配置文件
Nagios的主配置文件為nagios.cfg。
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
2.配置Nagios的主配置文件
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
主要修改和確認(rèn)以下幾個較重要的配置項，其余的類似優(yōu)化涉及到的配置調(diào)整這里暫不交待了。這次不像上回我用RPM包安裝Nagios那次的配置方式，這次我打算將所有Nagios功能定義配置都集中在localhost.cfg這一個文件當(dāng)中去，而命令定義文件commands.cfg獨立保存一個文件，因此除了這兩個文件不注釋外，其他的Nagios功能定義文件都保持注釋狀態(tài)。
-------------------------------------------------------------
log_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log
確認(rèn)Nagios服務(wù)的日志記錄文件，需要確認(rèn)此項是解注狀態(tài)的。默認(rèn)編譯安裝后沒有該文件，要手動添加并指定適當(dāng)?shù)淖x寫權(quán)限。
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/commands.cfg
在Nagios中將對應(yīng)功能插件定義成命令的命令定義文件，需要確認(rèn)此項是解注狀態(tài)的。默認(rèn)編譯安裝后也沒有該文件，需要從模版復(fù)制。
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/localhost.cfg
設(shè)定Naigos對象功能定義的配置文件，需要確認(rèn)此項是解注狀態(tài)的。默認(rèn)編譯安裝后也沒有該文件，需要從模版復(fù)制。
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg
設(shè)定Nagios的資源文件，需要確認(rèn)此項是解注狀態(tài)的。默認(rèn)編譯安裝后也沒有該文件，需要從模版復(fù)制。
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/contactgroups.cfg
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/contacts.cfg
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/dependencies.cfg
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/escalations.cfg
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hostgroups.cfg
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts.cfg
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/services.cfg
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/timeperiods.cfg
#cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers
#cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/printers
#cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/switches
#cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/routers
以上這些分塊功能的定義配置文件需要保持注釋，因為這些文件的作用都已經(jīng)集中到localhost.cfg這一個文件當(dāng)中去了。
nagios_user=nagios
nagios_group=nagios
設(shè)定Nagios服務(wù)的宿主用戶和組。
#check_external_commands=0
check_external_commands=1
設(shè)定Nagios外部檢查命令功能開關(guān)，默認(rèn)是值0。將原來的注釋掉，更改為值1，必須要打開該功能，否則CGI將不能調(diào)用。
command_check_interval=15s
#command_check_interval=-1
設(shè)定命令檢查的時間間隔，將原來值-1的項注釋掉，啟用原來備用值為15s（15秒）。這項的時間間隔值請按實際需求情況設(shè)定。
-------------------------------------------------------------
對Nagios的主日志文件的操作如下：
手動建立Nagios主日志文件
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# touch /usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log
改變Nagios主日志文件的屬主。
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log
添加同組成員的讀寫權(quán)限。
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# chmod g+rw /usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log
查看日志文件的屬性。
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# ll /usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log
-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 0 Oct 5 15:28 /usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log
3.處理Nagios的CGI配置文件：
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg
4.配置Nagios的CGI配置文件
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg
這里主要注意關(guān)于訪問用戶身份驗證的配置項的設(shè)定。Nagios系統(tǒng)將各種操作行為的授權(quán)用戶分的非常的仔細，所以在實際應(yīng)用當(dāng)中可以分的非常細，什么用戶可以做哪些操作而哪些用戶又沒有權(quán)限做哪些操作。但是這里我只簡單的授權(quán)給同一個用戶。請?zhí)貏e注意，這里的授權(quán)用戶的對象必須只能夠是在htpasswd中添加注冊過的用戶。
-------------------------------------------------------------
use_authentication=1
設(shè)定啟用身份驗證。
authorized_for_system_information=kanecruise
設(shè)定系統(tǒng)信息的授權(quán)用戶。
authorized_for_configuration_information=kanecruise
設(shè)定配置信息的授權(quán)用戶。
authorized_for_system_commands=kanecruise
設(shè)定系統(tǒng)命令的授權(quán)用戶。
authorized_for_all_services=kanecruise
設(shè)定全部監(jiān)測服務(wù)的授權(quán)用戶。
authorized_for_all_hosts=kanecruise
設(shè)定全部被監(jiān)測主機的授權(quán)用戶。
authorized_for_all_service_commands=kanecruise
設(shè)定全部監(jiān)測服務(wù)命令的授權(quán)用戶。
authorized_for_all_host_commands=kanecruise
設(shè)定全部主機命令的授權(quán)用戶。
-------------------------------------------------------------
5.處理Nagios的命令定義文件
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/commands.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/commands.cfg
6.處理Nagios的資源文件
[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg
目前來說暫時不需要對Nagios命令定義文件做什么修改。但是如果要添加新的命令或者修改現(xiàn)有命令的定義的話，則需要修改該文件。
感謝各位的閱讀，以上就是“nagios的安裝配置方法”的內(nèi)容了，經(jīng)過本文的學(xué)習(xí)后，相信大家對nagios的安裝配置方法這一問題有了更深刻的體會，具體使用情況還需要大家實踐驗證。這里是創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)，小編將為大家推送更多相關(guān)知識點的文章，歡迎關(guān)注！
網(wǎng)站名稱：nagios的安裝配置方法
網(wǎng)頁網(wǎng)址：http://bm7419.com/article14/gihpge.html
成都網(wǎng)站建設(shè)公司_創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)，為您提供網(wǎng)站導(dǎo)航、關(guān)鍵詞優(yōu)化、云服務(wù)器、微信公眾號、外貿(mào)網(wǎng)站建設(shè)、App開發(fā)
聲明：本網(wǎng)站發(fā)布的內(nèi)容（圖片、視頻和文字）以用戶投稿、用戶轉(zhuǎn)載內(nèi)容為主，如果涉及侵權(quán)請盡快告知，我們將會在第一時間刪除。文章觀點不代表本網(wǎng)站立場，如需處理請聯(lián)系客服。電話：028-86922220；郵箱：631063699@qq.com。內(nèi)容未經(jīng)允許不得轉(zhuǎn)載，或轉(zhuǎn)載時需注明來源： 創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)
