如何在ehcache中緩存springboot?針對這個問題,這篇文章詳細(xì)介紹了相對應(yīng)的分析和解答,希望可以幫助更多想解決這個問題的小伙伴找到更簡單易行的方法。
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springboot一種全新的編程規(guī)范,其設(shè)計(jì)目的是用來簡化新Spring應(yīng)用的初始搭建以及開發(fā)過程,SpringBoot也是一個服務(wù)于框架的框架,服務(wù)范圍是簡化配置文件。
1. 創(chuàng)建一個Spring Boot工程并添加Maven依賴
你所創(chuàng)建的Spring Boot應(yīng)用程序的maven依賴文件至少應(yīng)該是下面的樣子:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.ramostear</groupId> <artifactId>cache</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>cache</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.ehcache</groupId> <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.cache</groupId> <artifactId>cache-api</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
依賴說明:
spring-boot-starter-cache為Spring Boot應(yīng)用程序提供緩存支持
ehcache提供了Ehcache的緩存實(shí)現(xiàn)
cache-api 提供了基于JSR-107的緩存規(guī)范
2. 配置Ehcache緩存
現(xiàn)在,需要告訴Spring Boot去哪里找緩存配置文件,這需要在Spring Boot配置文件中進(jìn)行設(shè)置:
spring.cache.jcache.config=classpath:ehcache.xml
然后使用@EnableCaching注解開啟Spring Boot應(yīng)用程序緩存功能,你可以在應(yīng)用主類中進(jìn)行操作:
package com.ramostear.cache; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching; @SpringBootApplication @EnableCaching public class CacheApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(CacheApplication.class, args); } }
接下來,需要創(chuàng)建一個ehcache的配置文件,該文件放置在類路徑下,如resources目錄下:
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.ehcache.org/v3" xmlns:jsr107="http://www.ehcache.org/v3/jsr107" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.ehcache.org/v3 http://www.ehcache.org/schema/ehcache-core-3.0.xsd http://www.ehcache.org/v3/jsr107 http://www.ehcache.org/schema/ehcache-107-ext-3.0.xsd"> <service> <jsr107:defaults enable-statistics="true"/> </service> <cache alias="person"> <key-type>java.lang.Long</key-type> <value-type>com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person</value-type> <expiry> <ttl unit="minutes">1</ttl> </expiry> <listeners> <listener> <class>com.ramostear.cache.config.PersonCacheEventLogger</class> <event-firing-mode>ASYNCHRONOUS</event-firing-mode> <event-ordering-mode>UNORDERED</event-ordering-mode> <events-to-fire-on>CREATED</events-to-fire-on> <events-to-fire-on>UPDATED</events-to-fire-on> <events-to-fire-on>EXPIRED</events-to-fire-on> <events-to-fire-on>REMOVED</events-to-fire-on> <events-to-fire-on>EVICTED</events-to-fire-on> </listener> </listeners> <resources> <heap unit="entries">2000</heap> <offheap unit="MB">100</offheap> </resources> </cache> </config>
最后,還需要定義個緩存事件監(jiān)聽器,用于記錄系統(tǒng)操作緩存數(shù)據(jù)的情況,最快的方法是實(shí)現(xiàn)CacheEventListener接口:
package com.ramostear.cache.config; import org.ehcache.event.CacheEvent; import org.ehcache.event.CacheEventListener; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; /** * @author ramostear * @create-time 2019/4/7 0007-0:48 * @modify by : * @since: */ public class PersonCacheEventLogger implements CacheEventListener<Object,Object>{ private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PersonCacheEventLogger.class); @Override public void onEvent(CacheEvent cacheEvent) { logger.info("person caching event {} {} {} {}", cacheEvent.getType(), cacheEvent.getKey(), cacheEvent.getOldValue(), cacheEvent.getNewValue()); } }
3. 使用@Cacheable注解對方法進(jìn)行注釋
要讓Spring Boot能夠緩存我們的數(shù)據(jù),還需要使用@Cacheable注解對業(yè)務(wù)方法進(jìn)行注釋,告訴Spring Boot該方法中產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)需要加入到緩存中:
package com.ramostear.cache.service; import com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; /** * @author ramostear * @create-time 2019/4/7 0007-0:51 * @modify by : * @since: */ @Service(value = "personService") public class PersonService { @Cacheable(cacheNames = "person",key = "#id") public Person getPerson(Long id){ Person person = new Person(id,"ramostear","ramostear@163.com"); return person; } }
通過以上三個步驟,我們就完成了Spring Boot的緩存功能。接下來,我們將測試一下緩存的實(shí)際情況。
4. 緩存測試
為了測試我們的應(yīng)用程序,創(chuàng)建一個簡單的Restful端點(diǎn),它將調(diào)用PersonService返回一個Person對象:
package com.ramostear.cache.controller; import com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person; import com.ramostear.cache.service.PersonService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * @author ramostear * @create-time 2019/4/7 0007-0:54 * @modify by : * @since: */ @RestController @RequestMapping("/persons") public class PersonController { @Autowired private PersonService personService; @GetMapping("/{id}") public ResponseEntity<Person> person(@PathVariable(value = "id") Long id){ return new ResponseEntity<>(personService.getPerson(id), HttpStatus.OK); } }
Person是一個簡單的POJO類:
package com.ramostear.cache.entity; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Getter; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import lombok.Setter; import java.io.Serializable; /** * @author ramostear * @create-time 2019/4/7 0007-0:45 * @modify by : * @since: */ @Getter @Setter @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Person implements Serializable{ private Long id; private String username; private String email; }
以上準(zhǔn)備工作都完成后,讓我們編譯并運(yùn)行應(yīng)用程序。項(xiàng)目成功啟動后,使用瀏覽器打開: http://localhost:8080/persons/1 ,你將在瀏覽器頁面中看到如下的信息:
{"id":1,"username":"ramostear","email":"ramostear@163.com"}
此時在觀察控制臺輸出的日志信息:
2019-04-07 01:08:01.001 INFO 6704 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed initialization in 5 ms
2019-04-07 01:08:01.054 INFO 6704 --- [e [_default_]-0] c.r.cache.config.PersonCacheEventLogger : person caching event CREATED 1 null com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person@ba8a729
由于我們是第一次請求API,沒有任何緩存數(shù)據(jù)。因此,Ehcache創(chuàng)建了一條緩存數(shù)據(jù),可以通過 CREATED 看一了解到。
我們在ehcache.xml文件中將緩存過期時間設(shè)置成了1分鐘(1),因此在一分鐘之內(nèi)我們刷新瀏覽器,不會看到有新的日志輸出,一分鐘之后,緩存過期,我們再次刷新瀏覽器,將看到如下的日志輸出:
2019-04-07 01:09:28.612 INFO 6704 --- [e [_default_]-1] c.r.cache.config.PersonCacheEventLogger : person caching event EXPIRED 1 com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person@a9f3c57 null
2019-04-07 01:09:28.612 INFO 6704 --- [e [_default_]-1] c.r.cache.config.PersonCacheEventLogger : person caching event CREATED 1 null com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person@416900ce
關(guān)于如何在ehcache中緩存springboot問題的解答就分享到這里了,希望以上內(nèi)容可以對大家有一定的幫助,如果你還有很多疑惑沒有解開,可以關(guān)注創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)行業(yè)資訊頻道了解更多相關(guān)知識。
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