使用SpringBoot如何實現(xiàn)配置數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接池

使用Spring Boot如何實現(xiàn)配置數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接池？相信很多沒有經(jīng)驗的人對此束手無策，為此本文總結(jié)了問題出現(xiàn)的原因和解決方法，通過這篇文章希望你能解決這個問題。

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配置方法

基于當前的1.5.2.RELEASE的Spring Boot。

依照官方文檔，如果增加了如下依賴的配置，或者類路徑中存在spring-boot-starter-jdbc的jar，那么已默認啟用了數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接池。

 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
 </dependency>

Spring Boot選擇數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接池實現(xiàn)的判斷邏輯：

1.檢查Tomcat的數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接池實現(xiàn)是否可用，如可用，則啟用。使用spring.datasource.tomcat.*可以控制鏈接池的行為。

2.檢查HikariCP是否可用，如可用，則啟用。使用spring.datasource.hikari.*可以控制鏈接池的行為。

3.檢查Commons DBCP是否可用，如可用，則啟用；但Spring Boot不建議在生產(chǎn)環(huán)境使用該鏈接池的實現(xiàn)。

4.檢查Commons DBCP2是否可用，如可用，則啟用。使用spring.datasource.dbcp2.*可以控制鏈接池的行為。

使用tomcat-jdbc時，可在application.yml增加配置項spring.datasource.tomcat.*來控制鏈接池的行為。比如如下配置。

spring:

datasource:
  url: jdbc:MySQL://localhost:3306/jackieathome&#63;useSSL=false
  username: root
  password: mypassword
  # 6.x版本的MySQL JDBC驅(qū)動類為com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  # 5.X版本的MySQL JDBC驅(qū)動類為com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  tomcat:
   max-wait: 10000
   max-active: 30
   test-on-borrow: true
   # 傳遞MySQL JDBC特有的參數(shù)
   db-properties:
    logger: net.jackieathome.db.customized.MySQLLogger
    gatherPerfMetrics: 'true'
    profileSQL: 'true'
    reportMetricsIntervalMillis: '60000'
    logSlowQueries: 'true'
    explainSlowQueries: 'true'

logging:

 level:
  # 關閉其它軟件的日志，減少干擾
  org: ERROR
  net: ERROR
  com: ERROR
  # 開啟MySQL JDBC驅(qū)動的日志
  MySQL: DEBUG

上述spring.datasource.tomcat.*代表的配置項，可參考tomcat-jdbc的官方文檔Apache Tomcat 8.5 - The Tomcat JDBC Connection Pool或者Apache Tomcat 8.0 - The Tomcat JDBC Connection Pool。

依據(jù)tomcat-jdbc的文檔，如需要向數(shù)據(jù)庫的JDBC驅(qū)動傳入控制參數(shù)，可以使用db-properties字段。需要注意的是，當使用MySQL驅(qū)動時，控制參數(shù)的值需要強制轉(zhuǎn)換為字符串，否則創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接時會報錯。配置方法如上述樣例中的 reportMetricsIntervalMillis: '60000'和logSlowQueries: 'true'。

依照MySQL JDBC驅(qū)動文檔，可以配置一個日志記錄器，用于記錄其工作時的輸出，如下是實現(xiàn)樣例。

package net.jackieathome.db.customized;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class MySQLLogger implements com.mysql.cj.api.log.Log {
  private static Logger LOG;
  public MySQLLogger(String name) {
    LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(name);
  }
  @Override
  public boolean isDebugEnabled() {
    return LOG.isDebugEnabled();
  }
  @Override
  public boolean isErrorEnabled() {
    return LOG.isErrorEnabled();
  }
  @Override
  public boolean isFatalEnabled() {
    return LOG.isErrorEnabled();
  }
  @Override
  public boolean isInfoEnabled() {
    return LOG.isInfoEnabled();
  }
  @Override
  public boolean isTraceEnabled() {
    return LOG.isTraceEnabled();
  }
  @Override
  public boolean isWarnEnabled() {
    return LOG.isWarnEnabled();
  }
  @Override
  public void logDebug(Object msg) {
    LOG.debug("{}", msg);
  }
  @Override
  public void logDebug(Object msg, Throwable thrown) {
    LOG.debug("{}", msg, thrown);
  }
  @Override
  public void logError(Object msg) {
    LOG.error("{}", msg);
  }
  @Override
  public void logError(Object msg, Throwable thrown) {
    LOG.error("{}", msg, thrown);
  }
  @Override
  public void logFatal(Object msg) {
    LOG.error("{}", msg);
  }
  @Override
  public void logFatal(Object msg, Throwable thrown) {
    LOG.error("{}", msg, thrown);
  }
  @Override
  public void logInfo(Object msg) {
    LOG.info("{}", msg);
  }
  @Override
  public void logInfo(Object msg, Throwable thrown) {
    LOG.info("{}", msg, thrown);
  }
  @Override
  public void logTrace(Object msg) {
    LOG.trace("{}", msg);
  }
  @Override
  public void logTrace(Object msg, Throwable thrown) {
    LOG.trace("{}", msg, thrown);
  }
  @Override
  public void logWarn(Object msg) {
    LOG.warn("{}", msg);
  }
  @Override
  public void logWarn(Object msg, Throwable thrown) {
    LOG.warn("{}", msg, thrown);
  }
}

同時修改application.yml，增加相應的日志配置，如下。

logging:
  level:
    # 開啟MySQL JDBC驅(qū)動的日志
    MySQL: DEBUG

如下是MySQL JDBC驅(qū)動輸出的樣例日志。

2017-04-16 00:51:32.626 QUERY created: Sun Apr 16 00:51:32 CST 2017 duration: 0 connection: 93 statement: 1 resultset: 1 message: /* mysql-connector-java-6.0.6 ( Revision: 3dab84f4d9bede3cdd14d57b99e9e98a02a5b97d ) */SELECT @@session.auto_increment_increment AS auto_increment_increment, @@character_set_client AS character_set_client, @@character_set_connection AS character_set_connection, @@character_set_results AS character_set_results, @@character_set_server AS character_set_server, @@init_connect AS init_connect, @@interactive_timeout AS interactive_timeout, @@license AS license, @@lower_case_table_names AS lower_case_table_names, @@max_allowed_packet AS max_allowed_packet, @@net_buffer_length AS net_buffer_length, @@net_write_timeout AS net_write_timeout, @@query_cache_size AS query_cache_size, @@query_cache_type AS query_cache_type, @@sql_mode AS sql_mode, @@system_time_zone AS system_time_zone, @@time_zone AS time_zone, @@tx_isolation AS tx_isolation, @@wait_timeout AS wait_timeout
2017-04-16 00:51:32.629 FETCH created: Sun Apr 16 00:51:32 CST 2017 duration: 36 connection: 93 statement: 1 resultset: 1
2017-04-16 00:51:32.639 QUERY created: Sun Apr 16 00:51:32 CST 2017 duration: 1 connection: 93 statement: 999 resultset: 0 message: SET NAMES latin1
2017-04-16 00:51:32.640 FETCH created: Sun Apr 16 00:51:32 CST 2017 duration: 0 connection: 93 statement: 999 resultset: 0
2017-04-16 00:51:32.642 QUERY created: Sun Apr 16 00:51:32 CST 2017 duration: 2 connection: 93 statement: 999 resultset: 0 message: SET character_set_results = NULL
2017-04-16 00:51:32.643 FETCH created: Sun Apr 16 00:51:32 CST 2017 duration: 0 connection: 93 statement: 999 resultset: 0
2017-04-16 00:51:32.645 QUERY created: Sun Apr 16 00:51:32 CST 2017 duration: 0 connection: 93 statement: 999 resultset: 0 message: SET autocommit=1
2017-04-16 00:51:32.646 FETCH created: Sun Apr 16 00:51:32 CST 2017 duration: 0 connection: 93 statement: 999 resultset: 0
2017-04-16 00:51:32.667 QUERY created: Sun Apr 16 00:51:32 CST 2017 duration: 1 connection: 94 statement: 2 resultset: 2 message: /* mysql-connector-java-6.0.6 ( Revision: 3dab84f4d9bede3cdd14d57b99e9e98a02a5b97d ) */SELECT @@session.auto_increment_increment AS auto_increment_increment, @@character_set_client AS character_set_client, @@character_set_connection AS character_set_connection, @@character_set_results AS character_set_results, @@character_set_server AS character_set_server, @@init_connect AS init_connect, @@interactive_timeout AS interactive_timeout, @@license AS license, @@lower_case_table_names AS lower_case_table_names, @@max_allowed_packet AS max_allowed_packet, @@net_buffer_length AS net_buffer_length, @@net_write_timeout AS net_write_timeout, @@query_cache_size AS query_cache_size, @@query_cache_type AS query_cache_type, @@sql_mode AS sql_mode, @@system_time_zone AS system_time_zone, @@time_zone AS time_zone, @@tx_isolation AS tx_isolation, @@wait_timeout AS wait_timeout

看完上述內(nèi)容，你們掌握使用Spring Boot如何實現(xiàn)配置數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接池的方法了嗎？如果還想學到更多技能或想了解更多相關內(nèi)容，歡迎關注創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)行業(yè)資訊頻道，感謝各位的閱讀！

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