MySQL+Amoeba+MySQLMMM高可用群集

一、MySQL-MMM(Master-Master MySQL)

MMM概述

  • 雙主故障切換和日常管理的腳本程序
  • 由多個mysql主服務器和多個mysql從服務器組成
  • 雖然叫做雙主復制，但是業(yè)務上同一時刻只允許對一個主進行寫入，另一臺備選主上提供部分讀服務，
  • MMM使用Perl語言開發(fā)，主要用來監(jiān)控和管理MySQL Master-Master（雙主）復制
  • 其內(nèi)部附加的工具腳本也可以實現(xiàn)多個slave的read負載均衡。

注：

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  • 同一時刻只允許一個主進行寫入，額外主提供部分讀的服務

  • 不適用于要求數(shù)據(jù)一致性很高的場合(可替換產(chǎn)品為：Heartbeat+DRBD+MySQL高可用方案)

MMM組成

  • mmm_mond：監(jiān)控進程，負責所有的監(jiān)控、決定和處理所有節(jié)點
  • mmm_agentd：運行在每個MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫的代理進程，完成監(jiān)控本地狀態(tài)并于監(jiān)控端通信
  • mmm_control：一個腳本，提供mmm_mond進程的命令

二、案例

實驗環(huán)境：
六臺Centos6,兩臺主mysql（master01、master02）,兩臺從mysql（slave01、slave02）,一臺監(jiān)控（mmm_mond）,一臺讀寫調(diào)度器（amoeba）

先部署主主（master01與master02）復制

Master01

1.準備工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
    DEVICE=eth0
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=static
    IPADDR=192.168.1.10
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
    DEVICE=eth2
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=dhcp
vim /etc/hosts
    192.168.1.10    db1
    192.168.1.20    db2
    192.168.1.30    db3
    192.168.1.40    db4
vim /etc/sysconfig/network
    HOSTNAME=db1
reboot
2.YUM源配置并安裝MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
3.MySQL配置
/etc/init.d/mysqld start && chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
mysqladmin -uroot password "123"
cp /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.73/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    50 log-slave-updates
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
4.授權并主主同步
mysql -u root -p
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      647 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.20',master_user='slave',master_password='123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=481;
//所跟IP、log、pos等信息都為第二臺主的信息
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
//查看同步狀態(tài)，I/0和SQL線程狀態(tài)為yes則正確

Master02

1.準備工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
    DEVICE=eth0
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=static
    IPADDR=192.168.1.20
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
    DEVICE=eth2
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=dhcp
vim /etc/hosts
    192.168.1.10    db1
    192.168.1.20    db2
    192.168.1.30    db3
    192.168.1.40    db4
vim /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=db2
reboot
2.YUM源配置并安裝MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
3.MySQL配置
/etc/init.d/mysqld start && chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
mysqladmin -uroot password "123"
cp /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.73/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    50 log-slave-updates
    58 server-id = 2
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
4.授權并主主同步
mysql -u root -p
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      481 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.10',master_user='slave',master_password='123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=647;
//所跟IP、log、pos等信息都為第一臺主的信息
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;

再部署兩對主從復制（m1與s1，m2與s2）

Slave01

1.準備工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
    DEVICE=eth0
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=static
    IPADDR=192.168.1.30
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
    DEVICE=eth2
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=dhcp
vim /etc/hosts
    192.168.1.10    db1
    192.168.1.20    db2
    192.168.1.30    db3
    192.168.1.40    db4
vim /etc/sysconfig/network
    HOSTNAME=db3
reboot
2.YUM源配置并安裝MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
3.MySQL配置
/etc/init.d/mysqld start && chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
mysqladmin -uroot password "123"
cp /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.73/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    50 relay-log=relay-log-bin
    51 relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
    59 server-id = 3
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
4.授權并主從同步（m1,s1）
mysql -u root -p
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.10',master_user='slave',master_password='123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=647;
//所跟IP、log、pos等信息都為第一臺主的信息
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;

Slave02

1.準備工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
    DEVICE=eth0
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=static
    IPADDR=192.168.1.40
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
    DEVICE=eth2
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=dhcp
vim /etc/hosts
    192.168.1.10    db1
    192.168.1.20    db2
    192.168.1.30    db3
    192.168.1.40    db4
2.YUM源配置并安裝MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
3.MySQL配置
/etc/init.d/mysqld start && chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
mysqladmin -uroot password "123"
cp /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.73/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    50 relay-log=relay-log-bin
    51 relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
    59 server-id = 4
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
4.授權并主從同步（m2,s2）
mysql -u root -p
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.20',master_user='slave',master_password='123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=647;
//所跟IP、log、pos等信息都為第二臺主的信息
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;

配置高可用MySQL-MMM

Master01

1.新建授權用戶
mysql> grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';//主服務器授權，從服務器自動同步
mysql> grant replication client on *.* to 'mmm_monitor'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';           //主服務器授權，從服務器自動同步
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'test'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';                    //新建測試用戶
2.配置MMM_COMMON
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf
    active_master_role      writer
    <host default>
            cluster_interface       eth0                    //集群IP承載的接口
            pid_path                /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_agentd.pid       //PID文件位置(存放MMM的進程號)
            bin_path                /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/         //運行命令位置
            replication_user        slave                   //需使用主從同步時授權用戶
            replication_password    123
            agent_user              mmm_agent                   //代理連接
            agent_password          123
    </host>
    <host db1>
            ip      192.168.1.10
            mode    master
            peer    db2                     //當db1主機不能使用，自動切換到db2
    </host>
    <host db2>
            ip      192.168.1.20
            mode    master                  //當前服務器作為主服務器(寫)
            peer    db1                     //當db2主機不能使用，自動切換到db1
    </host>
    <host db3>
            ip      192.168.1.30
            mode    slave
    </host>
    <host db4>
            ip      192.168.1.40
            mode    slave                   //當前主機作為從服務器(讀)
    </host>
    <role writer>
            hosts   db1, db2
            ips     192.168.1.250               //寫服務器VIP
            mode    exclusive                   //只有一個host可以writer
    </role>
    <role reader>
            hosts   db3, db4
            ips     192.168.1.251, 192.168.1.252        //讀服務器VIP
            mode    balanced                    //多個host可以reader
    </role>
3.配置MMM_AGENT
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
include mmm_common.conf
this db1
4.拷貝文件給其余主機
scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf root@192.168.1.20:/etc/mysql-mmm/
scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf root@192.168.1.30:/etc/mysql-mmm/
scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf root@192.168.1.40:/etc/mysql-mmm/
/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-agent on

Master02

配置MMM_AGENT
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db2
/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-agent on

Slave01

配置MMM_AGENT
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db3
/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-agent on

Slave02

配置MMM_AGENT
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db4
/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-agent on

監(jiān)控配置（mmm_mon）

1.準備工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
    DEVICE=eth0
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=static
    IPADDR=192.168.1.50
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
    DEVICE=eth2
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=dhcp
vim /etc/hosts
    192.168.1.10    db1
    192.168.1.20    db2
    192.168.1.30    db3
    192.168.1.40    db4
reboot
2.YUM源配置并安裝MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql
3.配置MMM_COMMON
scp 192.168.1.10:/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf /etc/mysql-mmm/
4.配置MMM_MON
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf
    include mmm_common.conf
    <monitor>
            ip                  127.0.0.1
            ping_ips            192.168.1.10,192.168.1.20,192.168.1.30,192.168.1.40
    </monitor>
    <host default>
            monitor_user        mmm_monitor
            monitor_password    123
    </host>
    debug 0
5.啟動服務并驗證
/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-monitor restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-monitor on  //監(jiān)控端啟動
mmm_control show                                    //查看節(jié)點狀態(tài)
mysql -u test -p -h 192.168.1.250

報錯解決方案：

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u test -p -h 192.168.1.250
Enter password:
ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.168.1.254' (113)

主服務器：

grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'db1' identified by '123';
grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'db2' identified by '123';
grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'db3' identified by '123';
grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'db4' identified by '123';

日志查看：

tail -f /var/log/mysql-mmm/mmm_agentd.log                       //MySQL端的Agent日志
tail -f /var/log/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.log                     //監(jiān)控機端的Monitor日志

部署讀寫調(diào)度器Amoeba

1.環(huán)境準備
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
    DEVICE=eth0
    TYPE=Ethernet
    ONBOOT=yes
    NM_CONTROLLED=no
    BOOTPROTO=static
    IPADDR=192.168.1.254
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0
2.安裝jdk與amoeba
yum -y erase java-*
chmod +x jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin
./jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin
mv jdk1.6.0_14/ /usr/local/jdk1.6
vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin/:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba
export PATH=$PATH:$AMOEBA_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile && java -version
mkdir /usr/local/amoeba
tar zxvf amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/amoeba/
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/amoeba/
3.在主Mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫新建授權用戶
mysql -u root -p
    mysql> grant all on *.* to haha@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';
4.編輯amoeba配置文件
vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/amoeba.xml
 30                <property name="user">hehe</property>            //設置連接Amoeba用戶
 31
 32                <property name="password">123</property>         //設置連接Amoeba用戶
115                 <property name="defaultPool">slaves</property>
116
117                 <property name="writePool">master</property>        注意刪除<!--  -->的注釋
118                 <property name="readPool">slaves</property>         //定義讀服務器池
vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/dbServers.xml
 25                         <!-- mysql user -->
 26                         <property name="user">haha</property>               //設置連接Mysql的用戶
 27
 28                         <property name="password">123</property>                //設置連接mysql的密碼
注意刪除<!--  -->的注釋
 43         <dbServer name="master"  parent="abstractServer">
 44                 <factoryConfig>
 45                         <!-- mysql ip -->
 46                         <property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.254</property>         //定義寫服務器IP
 47                 </factoryConfig>
 48         </dbServer>
 49         <dbServer name="slave1"  parent="abstractServer">
 50                 <factoryConfig>
 51                         <!-- mysql ip -->
 52                         <property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.30</property>          //定義讀服務器IP
 53                 </factoryConfig>
 54         </dbServer>
 55         <dbServer name="slave2"  parent="abstractServer">
 56                 <factoryConfig>
 57                         <!-- mysql ip -->
 58                         <property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.40</property>          //定義讀服務器IP
 59                 </factoryConfig>
 60
 61         </dbServer>
 62         <dbServer name="slaves" virtual="true">
 68                         <property name="poolNames">slave1,slave2</property>     //定義輸入slaves讀服務器池的主機
 69                 </poolConfig>
amoeba start &
netstat -utpln | grep 8066
5.連接測試
client：mysql -u hehe -p -h 192.168.1.254 -P 8066

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